Review on the application of vanadium

In the iron and steel metallurgy industry, vanadium is an important alloying element additive, which can effectively increase the strength, toughness and ductility of steel, accounting for 85% of the amount of vanadium. In the aerospace industry, adding a small amount of vanadium to titanium alloys can play the role of strengthener and stabilizer, and the amount is about 10%. In addition, vanadium is mainly used as a catalyst and colorant in the chemical industry, with the amount of about 5%. In other industries, vanadium is also used to produce vanadium batteries, vanadium nanomaterials, vanadium films and so on.

Research progress of ultra-high temperature materials

Ultra-high temperature materials play an important role in spacecraft, which is an indispensable part of spacecraft in long-term flight, trans-atmosphere or re-entry flight, and plays a crucial role in the thermal protection system of spacecraft. This paper summarizes the latest research results of refractory metals and their alloys, C/C composites, ultra-high temperature ceramics and other ultra-high temperature materials in recent years, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of ultra-high temperature materials, puts forward the main problems, and discusses the main research objectives and key development directions in the future.